Which type of protocol is OSPF?

OSPF, which stands for Open Shortest Path First, is classified as a link-state protocol. This means that OSPF routers maintain a complete view of the network topology by exchanging link-state advertisements (LSAs) with one another. Each router builds a link-state database representing the network and uses the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path to each destination within the routing area.

The key characteristics of link-state protocols like OSPF include quick convergence, the ability to scale effectively in large networks, and the fact that every router has an identical view of the network. This enables OSPF to efficiently update routing information and adapt to changes in the network topology. In contrast, other types of protocols, such as distance-vector protocols, rely on periodic updates and do not maintain a complete map of the network, which can lead to slower convergence and potential routing loops.

Understanding OSPF's classification as a link-state protocol provides insight into its operational mechanisms and performance advantages in enterprise environments.